新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教学设计

Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教学设计

过去分词作表语和状语

Thisunit focuses on past participle forms as predicatives and adverbials.When thepast participle is used as a predicative, there is usually a passive relationshipbetween the past participle and its logical subject.When the past participle isused as an adverbial, it usually expresses the time, reason and accompanyingstate in the sentence.The past participle has a passive relationship with itslogical subject and often contains a perfect sense.

1. Guide the students to think about the different meanings and functions ofpast participle forms as predicatives and adverbials.

2. Let the students practice and further consolidate the use of pastparticiple form as adverbial.

3. Cultivate students’ thinking ability and enhance their creativity of usingthis grammar.

Let the students practiceand further consolidate the use of past participle form as adverbial.

Step1: Try to find outall the sentences in this unit containing –ed forms used as the predicative oradverbial and then sum up their common rules.

1．The next day was clearand mild ，and they were pleasedto see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.

2．Seen from the trainwindow, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.

＝When they were seenfrom the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.

3．The girls were amazedto see such an open country.

4．Do you feel frightenedwhen going into the wilderness alone?

5．Seen from the top ofthe mountain，the scenery was reallyfascinating.

＝When it was seen fromthe top of the mountain，the scenery was reallyfascinating.

6．Finally ，the company—headed by its newmanager—started to make a profit.

＝Finally ，the company was headed by its new manager and it started to make aprofit.

7．When asked what thetrip meant to him，the man said it was “anexperience of a lifetime”．

＝ Asked what the tripmeant to him，the man said it was “an experience of a lifetime”．

总结规律：

1．句1、3、4中的过去分词在句中作表语。

2．句2、5、6、7中的过去分词在句中作状语。

3．由句2、5可知，过去分词作时间、条件、方式、比较或让步状语时，可用状语从句改写。

4．由句6可看出，过去分词作伴随或方式状语时，可用并列句改写。

5．由句7可知表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步的状语，可用“从属连词＋过去分词”结构。

Step2: The teacher instructs Ss to review the basic knowledgeabout the past participle used as the predicatives and adverbials.

一、过去分词作表语

1．过去分词作表语的用法

过去分词作表语时，总是在连系动词，如be、appear、seem、look、remain、feel、get等之后，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态或感受，主语多为人。分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间构成动宾关系。

We got a little sunburned/sunburnt , but the day had been sorelaxing that we didnt mind.

我们晒伤了一点，但这一天过得很轻松，所以我们都不介意。

I was disappointed at the film I saw last night.我对昨晚看的电影感到失望。

When I entered his room, he was buried in his books.当我进入他的房间时，他正在埋头读书。

The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains.这座城市三面环山。

She looked disappointed at the bad news.听到这个坏消息她看上去很失望。

In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained stuck abroad due tothe volcanic ash cloud.

由于火山灰的原因，4月份仍有成千上万的度假者滞留在国外。

2．过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别

过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示一个被动的动作。

This lake is badly polluted.这个湖受到了严重污染。(系表结构，表示状态)

This lake is badly polluted by a paper mill.这个湖被一家造纸厂严重污染了。(被动结构，表示动作)

This book is well written.这本书写得很好。(系表结构，表示状态)

This book was written by Lu Xun.这本书是鲁迅写的。(被动结构，表示动作)

While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty.

当等待机会被提升的时候，亨利尽力履行好他的职责。

We are all interested in what has been performed.我们对表演的节目很感兴趣。

The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。

3．感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别

英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常用的这类词有

exciting 令人激动的

excited 激动的;兴奋的

astonishing令人惊讶的

astonished 惊讶的

surprising令人吃惊的

surprised感到吃惊的

discouraged感到沮丧的

discouraging 令人沮丧的

disappointing令人失望的

disappointed感到失望的

delighted高兴的

delighting令人高兴的

frightened 吓坏了的...

frightening令人害怕的

encouraging令人鼓舞的

encouraged受到鼓舞的

pleased满意的

pleasing 令人高兴的

shocking令人震惊的

shocked感到震惊的

tiring令人疲劳的

tired感到疲劳的

worried感到担心的

worrying令人担心的

puzzling令人迷惑的

puzzled感到迷惑的

satisfied感到满意的

satisfying令人满意的

satisfying令人满意的

interesting令人感兴趣的

interested 感兴趣的

moving感人的

moved受感动的