2022年陕西省中考语文真题（解析版）文档

词虽不出情景二字然二字亦分主客情为主景是客说景即是说情，有全篇不露秋毫情意，而实句句是情，字字关情者，非借物遣怀，即以物喻人。宋词如李世英“一寸相思千万绪，人间没个安排处”，情语也；梅尧臣“落尽梨花春又了，满地残阳，翠色和烟老”，景语也；姜尧章“旧时月色，算几番照我，梅边吹笛”，景寄于情也；寇平仲“倚楼无语欲销魂，长空黯淡连芳草”，情系于景也。词之为道，其大旨固不出此。

有螳螂以这种奇特姿态一动不动地待着，目光死死地盯住大蝗虫，对方移动，它的脑袋也跟着悄悄转动。……蝗虫本是个长腿的蹦跳者，善于高跳，轻而易举地就能跳出对方利爪的范围，可它却偏偏傻乎乎地待在原地，甚至还慢慢地向对方靠近。

陈胜者，阳城人也，字涉。吴广者，阳夏人也，字叔。陈涉少时，尝与人佣耕，辍耕之垄上，怅恨久之，曰：“苟富贵，无相忘。”佣者笑而应曰：“若为佣耕，何富贵也？”陈涉太息曰：“嗟乎！燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉！”

余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕圣贤之道，又患无硕师名人与游，尝趋百里外，从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。余立侍左右，援疑质理，俯身倾耳以请；或遇其叱咄，色愈恭，礼愈至，不敢出一言以复；俟其欣悦，则又请焉。故余虽愚，卒获有所闻。

中华民族的传统节日很多，除了端午节，还有元宵节、花朝节、上巳节、清明节、重阳节——这些传统节日的习俗也很丰富。元宵节吃汤圆，猜灯谜，赏花灯。清明节祭先祖，放风筝，荡秋千。二月十二花朝节，民间有“贯红”之俗，文人雅士会相聚饮酒，赋诗唱和。三月三上巳节，人们以香草沐浴，与亲友携游……丰富的习俗让传统节日成为古往今来人们共同的期盼。

阅读下面这首宋诗，完成下面小题。插秧歌杨万里田夫抛秧田妇接，小儿拔秧大儿插。笠是兜鍪①蓑是甲，雨从头上湿到胛②。唤渠③朝餐歇半霎，低头折腰只不答：“秧根未牢莳未匝④，照管鹅儿与雏鸭。”【注】①兜鉴：古代战士戴的头盔。②胛：肩胛。③渠：他。④莳未匝：插秧没有完成。

“我会帮您拿包裹，给您买咖啡，帮您跑邮局……每一分钟，您都会看到我从这里进进出出。感受一下这双鞋子，桑德森先生，想象它会带着我跑得多么快。感觉到里面的弹簧了吗？感觉到鞋子内部在奔跑了吗？感觉到我能够飞快地干完这些事情不让您操一点心了吗？您悠闲地待在凉爽的店里，而我在满城跑！不过，到处跑的可不是我，而是鞋子。它什么地方都可以去！”

秦王谓唐雎曰：“寡人以五百里之地易安陵，安陵君不听寡人，何也？且秦灭韩亡魏，而君以五十里之地存者，以君为长者，故不错意也。今吾以十倍之地，请广于君，而君逆寡人者，轻寡人与？”唐雎对曰：“否，非若是也。安陵君受地于先王而守之，虽千里不敢易也，岂直五百里哉？”

世有伯乐，然后有千里马。千里马常有，而伯乐不常有。故虽有名马，祗辱于奴隶人之手，骈死于槽枥之间，不以千里称也。马之千里者，一食或尽粟一石。食马者不知其能千里而食也。是马也，虽有千里之能，食不饱，力不足，才美不外见，且欲与常马等不可得，安求其能千里也？策之不以其道，食之不能尽其材，鸣之而不能通其意，执策而临之，曰：“天下无马！”呜呼！其真无马邪？其真不知马也！

地瓜没进过城，没见过世面，没受过励志教育。除了憨，它没别的见识和想法。被我那也没见过世面的爹爹埋没在土里。埋没了就埋没了。土里暖和，土里有营养。果然，这没见过世面的傻子，却长成了敦实汉子，地道的瓜。一排排黄瓜手扶着藤蔓做引体向上体操。

I joineda band （乐队）as a drummer in my middle school. I thought itwould be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy,but a month later, it got difficult. I was the only one who couldn’t keep pace （节奏）with the other players. Our teacher,Angie, singled me out to keep practicing while everyone else got to relax. Ifelt ashamed （羞愧的）as my teammates watched me fail so many times.Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn’t care about doing it right.

古诗是一幅幅草木明净的“无声画”。芦苇摇曳，先民低唱“①______，白露为霜”（《<诗经>二首》）；登楼远眺，崔颢吟诵“②______，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲”（《黄鹤楼》）；持节塞上，王维长叹“ ③_____，归雁入胡天”（《使至塞上》）；羁旅天涯，马致远感慨“④______，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马”（《天净沙·秋思》）。

题稚川山水【唐】戴叔伦松下茅亭五月凉，汀沙云树晚苍苍。行人无限秋风思，隔水青山似故乡。注：戴叔伦，唐代诗人，此诗作于作者宦游途中。

爱莲说周敦颐水陆草木之花，可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来，世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖，中通外直，不蔓不枝，香远益清，亭亭净植，可远观而不可亵玩焉。

夜来似闻某人素心，明日试往看之，入其门，窥其闺，见所谓某人方据案面南看一文书。顾客入来，默然一揖，便拉袖命坐，曰：“君既来，可亦试看此书。”相与欢笑。日影尽去，既已自饥，徐问客曰：“君亦饥耶？”不亦快哉！

妈妈19岁嫁给爸爸。外婆生育了6个孩子，还领养了一个，但妈妈是唯一的女儿，在那个年代，虽然说不上能享受到多少宠爱，但至少没有遭受过任何对女性的轻慢，妈妈甚至还念到初中毕业，字写得比我还好，能自由阅读文学作品。

TheChinese knot, a folk art, has a long history. People first made them to recordinformation and send messages before they started to use words. The knots wereused for decoration (装饰) and to express thoughts and feelings in theTang Dynasty. They were later popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. But thisart wasn’t really accepted by the common people until the Qing Dynasty.

Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.

Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.

Flying kites Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made ofwood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijingkite, Tianjin kite, and Weifang kite. And they are quite different from eachother. For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.